Tom 20 Nr 2 (2023)
Artykuły

What is Epistemological Anarchism?

PDF (Angielski)
  • Krzysztof J. Kilian

Opublikowane 11.04.2024 — zaktualizowane 28.05.2024

Wersje

Słowa kluczowe

  • Against Method,
  • anything goes,
  • epistemological anarchism,
  • methodological fallibilism

Prawa autorskie (c) 2023 Filozoficzne Aspekty Genezy

Creative Commons License

Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Użycie niekomercyjne 4.0 Międzynarodowe.

Jak cytować

Kilian, Krzysztof J. “What Is Epistemological Anarchism?”. 2024. Filozoficzne Aspekty Genezy , vol. 20, no. 2, May 2024, pp. 203-3, https://doi.org/10.53763/fag.2023.20.2.228.

Abstrakt

Epistemological anarchism is a methodological fallibilism, i.e. an approach according to which all scientific knowledge is not only provisional, but so are the methods of acquiring it. It is a belief that we are doomed to a provisional character of knowledge, yet the guide to this provisionality is a selected methodology. This conviction is contrasted with the belief that not only are we doomed to a provisional character of knowledge, but that we have no permanent guide to this provisional knowledge.

PDF (Angielski)

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Bibliografia

  1. Adúriz-Bravo Agustín, Methodology and Politics. A Proposal to Teach the Structuring Ideas of the Philosophy of Science through the Pendulum, Science & Education 2004, Vol. 13, pp. 717–731. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-004-5720-8
  2. Amsterdamski Stefan, Między historią a metodą, Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, Warszawa 1983.
  3. Andersson Gunnar, Criticism and the History of Science: Kuhn’s, Lakatos’s, and Feyrabend’s Criticism of Critical Rationalism, E.J. Brill, Leiden — New York — Köln 1994.
  4. Ben-Israel Isaac, Philosophy and Methodology of Military Intelligence. Correspondence with Paul Feyerabend, Philosophia 2001, Vol. 28, No. 1–4, pp. 71–101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02379770
  5. Burawoy Michael, Critical Sociology: A Dialogue Between Two Sciences, Contemporary Sociology 1998, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 12–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2654699
  6. Collins H.M. and Cox Graham, Recovering Relativity: Did Prophecy Fail?, Social Studies of Science 1976, Vol. 6, No. 3/4, pp. 423–444. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/030631277600600307
  7. Curthoys Jean and Suchting Wal, Feyerabend’s Discourse Against Method: A Marxist Critique, Inquiry 1977, Vol. 20, No. 2–3, pp. 243–397. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00201747708601836
  8. Feigl Herbert, Feyerabend Paul K., Hanson Norwood R., Hempel Carl G., Hesse Mary, Maxwell Grover, and Rozeboom William, Discussion at the Conference on Correspondence Rules, in: Michael Radner and Stephen Winokur (eds.), Analyses of Theories and Methods of Physics and Psychology, Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 4, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis 1970, pp. 220–259.
  9. Feyerabend Paul K., Against Method. Outline of an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge, in: Michael Radner and Stephen Winokur (eds.), Analyses of Theories and Methods of Physics and Psychology, Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 4, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis 1970, pp. 17–130.
  10. Feyerabend Paul K., Against Method. Outline of an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge, New Left Books, London 1975.
  11. Feyerabend Paul K., Against Method. Revised Edition, Verso, London — New York 1988.
  12. Feyerabend Paul K., Against Method. Third Edition, Verso, London 1993.
  13. Feyerabend Paul K., Al termine di una passeggiata non filosofica tra i boschi, in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Dialoghi sulla conoscenza, Gius. Laterza & Figli Spa, Roma-Bari 1991, pp. 61–114.
  14. Feyerabend Paul K., An Attempt at a Realistic Interpretation of Experience (1958), in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 1. Realism, Rationalism & Scientific Method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Port Chester — Melbourne — Sydney 1981, pp. 17–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171526.003
  15. Feyerabend Paul K., Changing Patterns of Reconstruction, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 1977, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 351–369. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/28.4.351
  16. Feyerabend Paul K., Concluding Unphilosophical Conversation, in: Gonzalo Munévar (ed.), Beyond Reason: Essays on the Philosophy of Paul K. Feyerabend, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 132, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht — Boston — London 1991, pp. 487–528. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3188-9_25
  17. Feyerabend Paul K., Consolations for the Specialist (1970), in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 2. Problems of Empiricism, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Port Chester — Melbourne — Sydney 1981, pp. 131–167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171588.009
  18. Feyerabend Paul K., Die »Rationalität« der Forschung, in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Ausgewählte Schriften. Band 1. Der wissenschaftstheoretische Realismus und die Autorität der Wissenschaften, Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Braunschweig 1978, pp. 339–350. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-88829-7_21
  19. Feyerabend Paul K., Experts in a Free Society (1970), in: Feyerabend Paul K., Philosophical Papers. Vol. 3. Knowledge, Science and Relativism, John Preston (ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Melbourne — Madrid — Cape Town — Singapore — São Paulo 2008, pp. 112–126.
  20. Feyerabend Paul K., Explanation, Reduction and Empiricism, in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 1. Realism, Rationalism & Scientific Method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Port Chester — Melbourne — Sydney 1981, pp. 44–96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171526.005
  21. Feyerabend Paul K., Farewell to Reason, Verso, London, New York 1996.
  22. Feyerabend Paul K., How to be a Good Empiricist: A Plea for Tolerance in Matters Epistemological (1963), in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 3. Knowledge, Science and Relativism, John Preston (ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Melbourne — Madrid — Cape Town — Singapore — São Paulo 2008, pp. 78–103.
  23. Feyerabend Paul K., Introduction to Volumes 1 and 2, in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 1. Realism, Rationalism & Scientific Method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Port Chester — Melbourne — Sydney 1981, pp. IX–XIV.
  24. Feyerabend Paul K., Killing Time, University of Chicago Press, Chicago — London 1995.
  25. Feyerabend Paul K., Knowledge Without Foundations, in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 3. Knowledge, Science and Relativism, John Preston (ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Melbourne — Madrid — Cape Town — Singapore — São Paulo 2008, pp. 50–77.
  26. Feyerabend Paul K., Letters to the Director of the Department of Philosophy, in: Imre Lakatos and Paul K. Feyerabend, For and Against Method: Including Lakatos’ Lectures on Scientific Method and the Lakatos-Feyerabend Correspondence, ed. Matteo Motterlini, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago — London, 1999, pp. 382–393.
  27. Paul K. Feyerabend, Logic, Literacy, and Professor Gellner, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 1976, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 381–391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/27.4.381
  28. Paul K. Feyerabend, The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes, in: Feyerabend Paul K., Philosophical Papers. Vol. 2. Problems of Empiricism, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Port Chester — Melbourne — Sydney 1981, pp. 202–230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171588.011
  29. Paul K. Feyerabend, More Clothes from the Emperor’s Bargain Basement. A Review of Laudan’s. Progress and its Problems (1981), in: Feyerabend Paul K., Philosophical Papers. Vol. 1. Realism, Rationalism & Scientific Method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Port Chester — Melbourne — Sydney 1981, pp. 231–246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171588.012
  30. Paul K. Feyerabend, On the Critique of Scientific Reason, in: Cohen Robert S., Feyerabend Paul K., and Wartofsky Marx W. (eds.), Essays in Memory of Imre Lakatos, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 39, D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland 1976, pp. 109–143. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1451-9_11
  31. Feyerabend Paul K., On the Improvement of the Sciences and the Arts and the Possible Identity of the Two, in: Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky (eds.), Proceedings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science, 1964/1966. In Memory of Norwood Russell Hanson, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. III, D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht 1967, pp. 387–415.
  32. Feyerabend Paul K., On the Limited Validity of Methodological Rules (1972), transl. by Eric Oberheim i Daniel Sirtes, in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 3. Knowledge, Science and Relativism, John Preston (ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Melbourne — Madrid — Cape Town— Singapore — São Paulo 2008, pp. 138–180.
  33. Feyerabend Paul K., On the »Meaning« of Scientific Terms (1964), in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 1. Realism, Rationalism & Scientific Method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Port Chester — Melbourne — Sydney 1981, pp. 97–103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171526.006
  34. Feyerabend Paul K., Physics and Ontology (1954), in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 4. Physics and Philosophy, Stefano Gattei and Joseph Agassi (eds.), Cambridge University Press, New York 2016, pp. 9–24.
  35. Feyerabend Paul K., Preface to the Second Edition, in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Farewell to Reason, Verso, London, New York 1996, pp. V–VIII.
  36. Feyerabend Paul K., The Problem of the Existence of Theoretical Entities (1960), in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 3. Knowledge, Science and Relativism, John Preston (ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Melbourne — Madrid — Cape Town— Singapore — São Paulo 2008, pp. 16–49.
  37. Feyerabend Paul K., Professor Bohm’s Philosophy of Nature (1960), in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 1. Realism, Rationalism & Scientific Method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Port Chester — Melbourne — Sydney 1981, pp. 219–235. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171526.015
  38. Feyerabend Paul K., Problems of Empiricism, in: Robert G. Colodny (ed.), Beyond the Edge of Certainty: Essays in Contemporary Science and Philosophy, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 1965, pp. 145–260.
  39. Feyerabend Paul K., Rationalism, Relativism and Scientific Method (1977), in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 3. Knowledge, Science and Relativism, John Preston (ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Melbourne — Madrid — Cape Town — Singapore — São Paulo 2008, pp. 200–211.
  40. Feyerabend Paul K., Realism and Instrumentalism: Comments on the Logic of Factual Support, in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 1. Realism, Rationalism & Scientific Method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Port Chester — Melbourne — Sydney 1981, pp. 176–202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171526.012
  41. Feyerabend Paul K., Reply to Criticism. Comments on Smart, Sellars and Putnam, in: Paul K. Feyerabend, Philosophical Papers. Vol. 1. Realism, Rationalism & Scientific Method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge — New York — Port Chester — Melbourne — Sydney 1981, pp. 104–131. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139171526.007
  42. Feyerabend Paul K., Science in a Free Society, Verso, London 1983.
  43. Paul K. Feyerabend, Theses on Anarchism (1973), in: Imre Lakatos and Paul K. Feyerabend (ed.), For and Against Method. Including Lakatos’ Lectures on Scientific Method and the Lakatos-Feyerabend Correspondence, ed. Matteo Motterlini, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago — London, 1999, pp. 113–118.
  44. Feyerabend Paul K., Two Letters of Paul Feyerabend to Thomas Kuhn on a Draft to The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Paul Hoyningen-Huene (ed.), Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 1995, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 353–387. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-3681(95)00005-8
  45. Feyerabend Paul K., The Tyranny of Science, Eric Oberheim (ed.), Polity Press, Cambridge — Malden 2011.
  46. Fuchs Stephan, Metatheory and the Sociology of Sociology, Sociological Perspectives 1992, Vol. 35, No. 3, pp. 531–535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1389334
  47. Gale George, Walter Edward , Kordig and the Theory-Ladenness of Observation, Philosophy of Science 1973, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 415–432. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/288544
  48. Godfrey-Smith Peter, Theory and Reality: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science, University of Chicago Press, Chicago — London 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226300610.001.0001
  49. Jodkowski Kazimierz, Filozofia nauki Paula K. Feyerabenda. Stadium umiarkowane, Studia Filozoficzne 1979, nr 11, s. 59–75.
  50. Jodkowski Kazimierz, Nauka w oczach Feyerabenda, w: Kazimierz Jodkowski (red.), Czy sprzeczność może być racjonalna?, Realizm, Racjonalność, Relatywizm, Vol. 4, Wydawnictwo UMCS, Lublin 1986, s. 227–270.
  51. Jodkowski Kazimierz, Polskie wydanie rozpraw Feyerabenda, Studia Filozoficzne 1981, t. 2 nr 183, s. 159–169.
  52. Jodkowski Kazimierz, Teza o niewspółmierności w ujęciu Thomasa S. Kuhna i Paula K. Feyerabenda, Realizm. Racjonalność. Relatywizm, Vol. 1, Wydawnictwo UMCS, Lublin 1984, https://tiny.pl/tlk98 [28.01.2024].
  53. Jodkowski Kazimierz, Wspólnoty uczonych, paradygmaty i rewolucje naukowe, Realizm, Racjonalność, Relatywizm, Vol. 22, Wydawnictwo UMCS, Lublin 1990.
  54. Jodkowski Kazimierz, »Wszystko ujdzie«. Anarchizm epistemologiczny Paula K. Feyerabenda, Akcent 1982, t. 2, nr 8, pp. 127–134.
  55. Jung Joachim, Paul K. Feyerabend. Last Interview, in: John Preston, Gonzalo Munévar, and David Lamb (eds.), The Worst Enemy of Science? Essays in Memory of Paul Feyerabend, Oxford University Press, New York — Oxford 2000, pp. 159–168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128741.003.0012
  56. Koertge Noretta, For and Against Method, The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 1972, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 274–290. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/23.3.274
  57. Koertge Noretta, Review of Science in a Free Society, The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 1980, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 385–390. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/31.4.385
  58. Kuhn Thomas S., Commensurability, Comparability, Comunicability, in: Thomas S. Kuhn (ed.), The Road Since Structure. Philosophical Essays, 1970–1993, with an Autobiographical Interview, James Conant and John Haugeland (ed.), University of Chicago Press, Chicago 2000, pp. 33–57.
  59. Mach Ernst, Die Principien der Wärmelehre. Historisch-kritisch entwickelt, Johan Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig 1900.
  60. McEvoy John, A »Revolutionary« Philosophy of Science: Feyerabend and the Degeneration of Critical Rationalism into Sceptical Fallibilism, Philosophy of Science 1975, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 49–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/288620
  61. McGuire James E., Scientific Change: Perspectives and Proposals, in: Merrilee H. Salmon (ed.), Introduction to the Philosophy of Science, Hackett Publishing Company, Indianapolis 1999, pp. 132–178.
  62. McMullin Ernan, Review of Science, Revolution, and Discontinuity, Isis 1983, Vol. 74, No. 4, pp. 577–579. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/353368
  63. Mitroff Ian I., Review of Against Method: Outline of an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge, Contemporary Sociology 1976, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 346–347. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2064130
  64. Munévar Gonzalo, Science in Feyerabend’s Free Society, in: Gonzalo Munévar (ed.), Beyond Reason: Essays on the Philosophy of Paul K. Feyerabend, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 132, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht — Boston — London 1991, pp. 179–198. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3188-9_7
  65. Nickles Thomas, Historicist Theories of Scientific Rationality, in: Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Spring 2021 Edition, https://tiny.pl/czp6f [27.01.2024].
  66. Oberheim Eric, Feyerabend’s Philosophy, Quellen und Studien zur Philosophie, Bd. 73, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin — New York 2006.
  67. Parascandalo Renato and Hösle Vittorio, Three Interviews with Paul K. Feyerabend, Teleos. A Quarterly Journal of Critical Thought 1995, No. 102, pp. 115–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3817/1295102115
  68. Poincaré Henri, Science and Hypothesis, The Walter Scott Publishing Co, New York 1905.
  69. Poincaré Henri, Science and Method, Thomas Nelson and Sons, London — Edinburgh — Dublin —New York 1914.
  70. Popper Karl R., The Logic of Scientific Discovery, Routledge Classics, London — New York 2002.
  71. Preston John, Feyerabend: Philosophy, Science and Society, Polity Press, Cambridge — Malden 1997.
  72. Richter Hans, Dada: Art and Anti-Art, transl. David Britt, Thames & Hudson Ltd, London 1965.
  73. Russell Denise, Anything Goes, Social Studies of Science 1983, Vol. 13, No. 3, 437–464. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/030631283013003005
  74. Shaw Jamie, Was Feyerabend an Anarchist? The Structure(s) of »Anything Goes«, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 2017, Vol. 64, pp. 11–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2017.06.002
  75. Steedman Philip, Review of Against Method: Outline an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge: Science in a Free Society, Theory and Society 1982, Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 724–728.
  76. Suppe Frederick, Afterword – 1977, in: Suppe Frederick (ed.), The Structure of Scientific Theories, University of Illinois Press, Urbana — Chicago — London 1977, pp. 617–730.
  77. Suppe Frederick, Search for Philosophic Understanding of Scientific Theories, in: Frederick Suppe (ed.), The Structure of Scientific Theories, University of Illinois Press, Urbana — Chicago — London 1977, pp. 1–241.
  78. Wartofsky Marx W., How to Be a Good Realist, in: Gonzalo Munévar (ed.), Beyond Reason: Essays on the Philosophy of Paul K. Feyerabend, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 132, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht — Boston — London 1991, pp. 24–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3188-9_2
  79. Wilson Mark, Review of Against Method, The Philosophical Review 1978, Vol. 87, No. 1, pp. 106–108. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2184355